Глагол to be

Lesson 8

Глагол to be

Глагол to be  может выполнять в предложении различные функции. Как знаменательный глагол в значении быть, находиться он выступает в качестве простого сказуемого. Как вспомогательный глагол он входит в состав сложных глагольных форм. Как глагол-связка он является частью составного сказуемого. И, наконец, глагол to be имеет модальное употребление со значением долженствования.

Спряжение глагола to be

Число

Number

Утвердительная форма (affirmative)

Вопросительная

 форма (Interrogative)

Отрицательная

форма (Negative)

Present Simple

Ед. ч.

singular

I am (I’m)

You are (You’re)

 

He (she, it) is  He’s

 

She’s

It’s

Am I?

Are you?

 

Is he (she, it)?

I am not. I’m not.

You are not. You ‘re not (You aren’t)

He is not. He’s not.

(He isn’t).

She is not. She’s not.

(She isn’t).

It is not. It’s not.

(It isn’t).

Мн. ч.

plural

We (you, they) are

We’re, you’re, they’re

Are we (you, they)?

We are not. We’re not. (We aren’t).

You are not. You ‘re not. (You aren’t).

They are not. They‘re not. (They aren’t).

Past Simple

Ед. ч.

singular

I (he, she, it) was

Was I (he, she, it)?

I was not. I wasn’t

He was not. He wasn’t.

She was not. She wasn’t.

It was not. It wasn’t.

Мн. ч.

plural

We (you, they) were

Were (we, you, they)?

We were not.

(Weren’t.)

You were not.

(Weren’t.)

They were not.

(Werent.)

 

Выполните упражнения

 

1. Вставьте нужную форму глагола to be. Сделайте предложения вопросительными и отрицательными.

1) He is a student. ______________________________________________

2) She … a student. _____________________________________________

3) I … a student. _______________________________________________

4) We … students. _______________________________________________

5) Mike and John … students. _______________________________________________

6) Ann … a student. _______________________________________________

7) They … students. _______________________________________________

8) Tony and Alison … students. _______________________________________________

9) You (one person) …  a student. _______________________________________________

10) You (two people) … students. _______________________________________________

 

2. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужной форме.

1) He (be) a good footballer. _______________________________________________

2) The roses (be) very beautiful. _______________________________________________

3) The sun (be) very hot. _______________________________________________

4) Harry (be) a tennis player. _______________________________________________

5) The children’s hands (be) dirty. _______________________________________________

6) Mike (be) late for school. _______________________________________________

7) Ted (be) a good swimmer. _______________________________________________

 

 

3. Вставьте глагол to be в нужной форме.

1. I …a student of mining.

2. Crop and animal farming … the main branches of agriculture.

3. The manager … in the office.

4. Agriculture and manufacturing … important in all economics.

5. You … a student. You … a manager of an agricultural company.

6. Crop farming … possible in the central regions of Russia in early spring.

7. I … a student of medicine, I … a student of the economics department.

8. Fuel … important for all industries.

 

4. Сделайте следующие предложения отрицательными и вопросительными, ответьте на вопросы.

1. Crop farming is very important for every economy. ___________________________________________________

2. Processing is important for all mineral resources. ___________________________________________________

3. I am a bank manager. ___________________________________________________

4. My friends are plant managers. ___________________________________________________

5. The growth of trade is very quick in this country. ___________________________________________________

6. Mining is part of the service sector. ___________________________________________________